Third World countries are not pursuing scientific and techno-
logical policies leading to the development of strong biotech-
nological industries. Their leaders have been misled into bel-
ieving that modern biotechnological industries can be built in
the absence of strong intellectually aggressive, and original
scientific schools. Hence, they do not strive to reform their
universities, which have weak commitments to research, and do
not see the importance of having research hospitals able to
generate excellent and relevant clinical investigation. These
dependent nature of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries
of the Third World make the development of competitive bio-
technology a highly improbable event.. If the present trend
continues, underdeveloped countries will continue to be tes-
ting grounds for biological materials and agents, sources of
valuable germplasm, and markets for high-value-added products
and processes invented and manufactured in the First World.

This article recommends that the international organizations
collaborate in the urgent task of educating the Third World
political leaders and administrators in the real problems
connected with the generation of high technology.

Contents:
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Introduction 7
The Biotech Propaganda Blitz 8
Role of the Third World in Biotech Revolution 10
The Trivialization of Plant Biotech 10
The Trivialization of Animal Biotech 13
Underdeveloped Countries as Commercial Targets
and Test Sites 14
The New Vaccines and the Third World 15
Are all these New Vaccines Needed? 17
The Mirage of Diagnostic Test 18
The Myth of "Applied Science" 19
Useful and Useless Science 20
- Angiotensin and Bradykinin 21
- The Biosynthesis of Complex Sugars 22
The Development of Underdevelopment 23
The Sin of Complacency 24
The Internationalization of Research in the Third World 26
The Scientific Isolation of the Third World 28
A Tale of two Sciences 29
The International Organizations and Third World
Biotechnology 31
The Consolidation of "Priorities" 33
The International Centers of Biotechnology 34
Acknowledgements 36
References 36